ROCKS & MINERALS DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS     

《Abstract of Chinese Geological Literature》2014,(2)

正20140786Deng Zhenping(Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004,China);Yang Wen-qiong Application of Stripping Voltammetry with a Solid Amalgam Electrode for Determination of Copper in a Tracer and Groundwater Tracing Experiment(Rock and Mineral Analy-  相似文献   

Removal of Organochlorine Pesticides from Aqueous Solution by Using Neutralized Red Mud     

Senar Ozcan  Ali Tor  Mehmet Emin Aydin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(11):972-979

This work describes the potential usability of neutralized red mud for the removal of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from aqueous solutions. After examination on the adsorption capability of neutralized red mud for all studied OCPs, the experiments were performed by employing aldrin as a model compound. The effect of several parameters, such as contact time, pH of the solution, initial aldrin concentration, and dosage of the adsorbent was evaluated by batch experiments. The determination of OCPs was carried out using traditional liquid–liquid extraction followed by a GC coupled with µ‐electron capture detector (GC‐µECD). The results showed that adsorption equilibrium time depended upon the initial aldrin concentration and adsorption followed the second‐order kinetic model. Kinetic study also indicated that the film diffusion mechanism was a main rate control mechanism. The removal was explained by considering the electrostatic interactions between metal oxides surface of the neutralized red mud and inductively charged centers (negative charge (d?) of chlorine atoms and positive charge (d+) of π‐cloud aromatic ring) of the aldrin molecules. In comparison to the Langmuir isotherm model, the Freundlich model better represented the adsorption data. The neutralized red mud was also succesfully employed for the removal of OCPs from real water samples, including tap water and surface (lake) water, fortified with studied OCPs.  相似文献   

The chemical composition including the Rare Earth Elements of the three major glass types of Europe and the Orient used in late antiquity and the Middle Ages     

Karl Hans Wedepohl  Klaus Simon  Andreas Kronz 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2011,71(3):289-296

Sets of 20 soda ash glasses, 16 soda lime glasses and 23 wood ash glasses mainly from excavations in Europe (additional soda ash glasses from Egypt) were analysed on 61 chemical elements. Average SiO₂ is about 62% in soda glasses and 50% in wood ash glasses. The three groups of glasses contain on average 13% Na₂O, 18% Na₂O and 13% K₂O as fluxes to lower the melting temperature of quartz at their production. The starting materials beside quartz were halophytic plant ash for soda ash glass, trona (Na₃H(CO₃)₂·2H₂O) and lime (clamshells) for soda lime glass and beech ash for wood ash glass. Each of the three major glass types contains specific Rare Earth Element (REE) concentrations mainly contained in quartz and its intergrown minerals. 50 Paleozoic and Mesozoic sandstones from Central Europe represent the quartz composition. The REE pattern of these glasses apparently indicates major compositional stages of the Continental Earth's Crust. The boron to lithium and sodium to potassium ratios as in seawater suggest reactions of materials for soda glass with seawater. Negative Ce anomalies in the three glasses are caused by reactions of quartz with seawater.  相似文献   

再论华南志留系红层的时代   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王成源 《地层学杂志》2011,(4):440-447

牙形刺P.eopennatus带的确立和P.celloni带、P.amorphognathoides带的细分,使华南Llandovery统的划分和对比发生了变化,以往归入P.celloni带的地层,极大多数都要归属到P.eopennatus带,层位变低。依据牙形刺生物地层的分析,溶溪组（下红层）的时代可能为埃隆期晚期,...  相似文献   

Distribution of continental red paleosols and their forming mechanisms in the Late Cretaceous Yaojia Formation of the Songliao Basin, NE China     

Xuebin Du  Xinong Xie  Yongchao Lu  Jianye Ren  Shun ZhangPenglin Lang  Tao ChengMing Su  Cheng Zhang 《Cretaceous Research》2011,32(2):244-257

  相似文献   

Google Earth在地学研究中的应用     

帅菲  肖根如  揭志强 《华东地质学院学报》2011,34(1)

Google Earth是Google公司发布的当前非常流行的一款三维虚拟地球软件,已在许多行业得到了广泛应用.采用传统方法研究地壳形变时,对点、线、面的分析一般是基于地理信息系统软件,通常在三维功能上较为欠缺,而引入Google Earth软件可较好地进行三维地形等要素的显示.介绍Google Earth的KML语言格式、功能与特点,采用Visual Basic编程,充分利用KML功能,将中国大陆的地震、GPS观测站及其运动矢量等要素很好地展示在三维地球上,直观地显示出地震的地理分布和中国大陆的地壳运动状况,取得较好的效果.  相似文献   

瓦屋山水电站厂房区红层岩体古滑坡稳定性研究     

王子忠  许模  杨绍平 《工程地质学报》2011,19(2):213-218

红层岩体以其岩体结构的软硬相间及软弱夹层发育而在边坡稳定方面表现为"易滑地层".瓦屋山水电站厂房区边坡为顺向坡,砂岩类岩石与黏土岩类岩石呈缓倾、互层状(倾角10°～20°)产出.构造与表生改造作用下,在这两类软硬相间的岩石界面上常形成分布较为连续的软弱夹层,这类岩体较易沿软弱夹层产生顺层滑动.地质历史时期,瓦屋山厂房区...  相似文献   

基于Google Earth的遥感影像数据资料归档系统     

谭娟  宋云 《四川地质学报》2011,(3):364-368

将Google Earth应用于遥感影像数据资料归档系统中,是一种新的遥感资料归档方法,能将归档的成果文件整合,克服了传统归档方式不能快速查看数据效果、位置、属性信息的缺点,很好地适应了信息化工作程序对图像数据库的快速响应的要求.ARCGIS补充了Google Earth薄弱的空间分析功能.系统再联合EXCLE表件,方...  相似文献   

Explosive volcanic eruptions triggered by cosmic rays: Volcano as a bubble chamber     

Toshikazu Ebisuzaki  Hiroko Miyahara  Ryuho Kataoka  Tatsuhiko Sato  Yasuhiro Ishimine 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(4):1054-1061

Volcanoes with silica-rich and highly viscous magma tend to produce violent explosive eruptions that result in disasters in local communities and that strongly affect the global environment. We examined the timing of 11 eruptive events that produced silica-rich magma from four volcanoes in Japan (Mt. Fuji, Mt. Usu, Myojin-sho, and Satsuma-Iwo-jima) over the past 306 years (from AD 1700 to AD 2005). Nine of the 11 events occurred during inactive phases of solar magnetic activity (solar minimum), which is well indexed by the group sunspot number. This strong association between eruption timing and the solar minimum is statistically significant to a confidence level of 96.7%. This relationship is not observed for eruptions from volcanoes with relatively silica-poor magma, such as Izu-Ohshima. It is well known that the cosmic-ray flux is negatively correlated with solar magnetic activity, as the strong magnetic field in the solar wind repels charged particles such as galactic cosmic rays that originate from outside of the solar system. The strong negative correlation observed between the timing of silica-rich eruptions and solar activity can be explained by variations in cosmic-ray flux arising from solar modulation. Because silica-rich magma has relatively high surface tension (~ 0.1 Nm^?1), the homogeneous nucleation rate is so low that such magma exists in a highly supersaturated state without considerable exsolution, even when located relatively close to the surface, within the penetration range of cosmic-ray muons (1–10 GeV). These muons can contribute to nucleation in supersaturated magma, as documented by many authors studying a bubble chamber, via ionization loss. This radiation-induced nucleation can lead to the pre-eruptive exsolution of H₂O in the silica-rich magma. We note the possibility that the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption was triggered by the same mechanism: an increase in cosmic-ray flux triggered by Typhoon Yunya, as a decrease in atmospheric pressure results in an increase in cosmic-ray flux. We also speculate that the snowball Earth event was triggered by successive large-scale volcanic eruptions triggered by increased cosmic-ray flux due to nearby supernova explosions.  相似文献   

Glaciation and ~ 770 Ma Ediacara (?) Fossils from the Lesser Karatau Microcontinent,Kazakhstan     

Joseph G. Meert  Anatoly S. Gibsher  Natalia M. Levashova  Warren C. Grice  George D. Kamenov  Alexander B. Ryabinin   《Gondwana Research》2011,19(4):867-880

The Cambrian explosion, c. 530–515 Ma heralded the arrival of a diverse assembly of multicellular life including the first hard-shelled organisms. Fossils found in Cambrian strata represent the ancestors of most modern animal phyla. In contrast to the apparent explosiveness seen in the Cambrian fossil record, studies of molecular biology hint that the diversification observed in Cambrian strata was rooted in ancestry extending back into the Ediacaran (635–542 Ma). Fossil evidence for this mostly cryptic phase of evolution is derived from the soft-bodied fossils of the Ediacaran biota found throughout the world and bilaterian embryos found in the Doushantuo lagerstätte in South China. The first appearance of Ediacara fauna is thought to have followed the last of the ~ 750–635 Ma Neoproterozoic glacial episodes by 20–30 million years. In this paper, we present evidence for the oldest discovery of the ‘Ediacara’ discoidal fossils Nimbia occlusa and Aspidella terranovica (?) that predate the early Cryogenian glaciations by more than fifty million years. There is considerable disagreement over the significance of discoidal Ediacaran fossils, but our findings may support earlier suggestions that metazoan life has roots extending deeper into the Proterozoic Eon. We also confirm the presence of a Late Cryogenian (e.g. “Marinoan”) glaciation on the Lesser Karatau microcontinent including dropstones and striated clasts within the glacial strata.  相似文献